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For example, if you have cardiovascular disease or high blood pressure, take your medicine and follow your health care provider's instructions for controlling the condition. The following measures may help reduce your risk of developing wet macular degeneration: It's important to have routine eye exams to identify early signs of macular degeneration. This condition is known as Charles Bonnet syndrome. With profound loss of vision, people may see visual hallucinations. People whose wet macular degeneration has progressed to central vision loss have a higher risk of depression and social isolation. If you have diseases that affect your heart and blood vessels, you may be at higher risk of macular degeneration. Research indicates that being obese increases the chance that early or intermediate macular degeneration will progress to a more severe form of the disease. Smoking cigarettes or being regularly exposed to tobacco smoke greatly increases your risk of macular degeneration. Macular degeneration is more common in white people. Researchers have identified several genes linked to the condition. This disease is most common in people over 55. This may cause irregularities in the macula layers, resulting in vision loss or distortion.įactors that may increase your risk of macular degeneration include: When fluid leaks from the choroid, it can collect between the thin cell layer called the retinal pigment epithelium and the retina or within the layers of the retina.

Vision loss caused by fluid buildup in the back of the eye.

These blood vessels may leak fluid or blood, affecting the retina's function. The choroid is the layer of blood vessels between the retina and the outer, firm coat of the eye, called the sclera. This is known as choroidal neovascularization.

Sometimes irregular new blood vessels grow from the choroid under and into the macula.

Vision loss caused by irregular blood vessel growth.

Wet macular degeneration can develop in different ways: Of all people with age-related macular degeneration, about 20% have the wet form. No one knows the exact cause of wet macular degeneration, but it develops in people who have dry macular degeneration. Cones give the eye color vision, and rods let the eye see shades of gray. The macula is made up of densely packed light-sensitive cells called cones and rods. A healthy macula allows for clear central vision.

The macula is located at the back of the eye in the center of the retina.